To what does the term 'arc length' refer in welding?

The term 'arc length' in welding specifically refers to the distance between the electrode and the workpiece. This distance is crucial in maintaining the stability of the arc during the welding process. An appropriate arc length helps achieve a consistent and controlled arc, which is essential for producing high-quality welds. If the arc length is too short, it may lead to erratic arc behavior, overheating, or spatter. Conversely, an excessive arc length can result in insufficient heat and poor fusion.

In this context, understanding arc length is vital for fine-tuning the welding parameters, ensuring the proper transfer of heat to the base metal, and achieving the desired penetration and bead profile. Therefore, the definition aligns directly with the practical skills needed in welding applications.