What type of transformer do AC transformer welding power sources typically use?

In AC transformer welding power sources, a step-down transformer is utilized to reduce the primary voltage from the power supply to a lower secondary voltage suitable for welding purposes. The primary function of this transformer is to convert high-voltage power, typically found in the electrical grid, into a lower voltage that can be effectively used for welding operations.

During this process, the transformer takes advantage of electromagnetic induction. The primary coil receives the input voltage, and the step-down nature of the transformer allows it to create a magnetic field that induces a lower voltage in the secondary coil. This makes the system safer and more efficient for the welding process, as it enables the necessary heat generation for welding without exposing operators to dangerously high voltages.

This choice reflects the practical needs of welding applications, where lower voltage and higher current are essential for achieving the desired welding quality and penetration. Thus, the step-down transformer plays a crucial role in providing the required electrical characteristics for effective welding.